Researchers map lunar regolith thickness

Brown University lunar scientists have released new findings that refine estimates of the Moon’s regolith thickness, the loose layer of dust and broken rock that blankets the entire lunar surface. The study, published in a peer‑reviewed journal, synthesizes data from recent orbital missions and high‑resolution seismic measurements to produce a more precise vertical profile of regolith depth across key regions of the near side.

Using a combination of laser altimetry, radar sounding, and in‑situ sample analyses from the Apollo era, the researchers mapped regolith thickness variations ranging from a few meters in young mare basalts to over 20 meters in older highland terrains. The data suggest a more complex interplay between impact gardening, volcanic resurfacing, and space weathering than previously modeled, offering a better understanding of how regolith accumulates and evolves over billions of years.

These refined thickness estimates have practical implications for future lunar exploration. Accurate regolith depth models inform the design of landing systems, habitat foundations, and resource extraction strategies, ensuring that planned missions can safely navigate and utilize the Moon’s surface resources. The Brown University team’s work represents a significant step toward a comprehensive, science‑based framework for lunar surface operations.