Colombia and Brazil Account for 52% of Environmental Activist Killings in 2025

Global Witness released a new report indicating that two countries together accounted for 52 % of all killings of environmental activists in 2025. The study, which compiled data from law‑enforcement agencies, NGOs, and media outlets, shows that the violence against those who defend ecosystems and indigenous rights remains concentrated in a handful of jurisdictions.

The report highlights that the high rate of murders is linked to intense resource extraction and land‑use conflicts in these nations. In both cases, activists who challenge logging, mining, or oil‑pipeline projects have faced threats, intimidation, and, in many instances, lethal retaliation. The findings underscore the urgent need for stronger legal protections and enforcement mechanisms for environmental defenders, as well as increased international scrutiny of corporate activities that contribute to such violence.

The Global Witness analysis calls on governments, civil‑society groups, and the private sector to implement measures that safeguard activists and address the root causes of the violence. It stresses that without decisive action, the trend of targeted killings is likely to continue, further eroding the ability of communities to protect their natural and cultural heritage.